Tinidazole
- US DailyMed: Tinidazole
category
- AU: B3
administration
- J01XD02 (WHO) G01AF21 (WHO), P01AB02 (WHO), QP51AA02 (WHO)
- 1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole
- 19387-91-8 Y
- 5479
- DB00911 Y
- 5279 Y
- 033KF7V46H
- D01426 Y
- ChEMBL1220 Y
- 007940
- DTXSID4023676
- Interactive image
- CCS(=O)(=O)CCN1C(=NC=C1[N+](=O)[O-])C
- InChI=1S/C8H13N3O4S/c1-3-16(14,15)5-4-10-7(2)9-6-8(10)11(12)13/h6H,3-5H2,1-2H3 Y
- Key:HJLSLZFTEKNLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
Tinidazole, sold under the brand name Tindamax among others, is a medication used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections. It was developed in 1972 and is a prominent member of the nitroimidazole antibiotic class.[2]
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[3]
Medical uses
Tinidazole may be a therapeutic alternative in the setting of metronidazole intolerance. Tinidazole is used to treat Helicobacter pylori, Amoebic dysentery, Giardia and Trichomonas vaginalis.[4]
Side effects
Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.[medical citation needed]
Half-life
Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.[medical citation needed]
References
- ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
- ^ Ebel K, Koehler H, Gamer AO, Jäckh R (2002). "Imidazole and Derivatives.". In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_661. ISBN 3527306730.
- ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
- ^ Edwards DI (January 1993). "Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action". The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 31 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1093/jac/31.1.9. PMID 8444678.
- v
- t
- e
(inhibit bacterial
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA
synthesis)
DHFR inhibitor | |||||||||
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Sulfonamides (DHPS inhibitor) |
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Combinations |
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Other DHPS inhibitors |
(inhibit bacterial
topoisomerase
and/or DNA gyrase,
thereby inhibiting
DNA replication)
1st generation | |||||||||
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Fluoroquinolones |
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Newer non-fluorinated | |||||||||
Related (DG) |
inhibitors
Nitroimidazole derivatives |
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Nitrofuran derivatives |
Rifamycins/ RNA polymerase | |
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Lipiarmycins |
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III