Mar Elias Monastery

Monastery in Jerusalem, Israel

31°44′4.92″N 35°12′38.88″E / 31.7347000°N 35.2108000°E / 31.7347000; 35.2108000

Mar Elias Monastery (Hebrew: מנזר אליהו הקדוש, Arabic: دير مار إلياس, romanized: Deir Mar Elias) is a Greek Orthodox monastery in south Jerusalem, on a hill overlooking Bethlehem and Herodium, near Hebron Road [he].

History

Origin of the name, other traditions

According to Christian tradition, Elijah rested here after fleeing the vengeance of Jezebel.^[1] It is also said to be the burial place of the Greek Bishop Elias of Bethlehem who died in 1345, and St. Elias, an Egyptian monk who became Patriarch of Jerusalem in 494.^[2]

Another Christian tradition is that Mary rested under the large hackberry tree growing north of the monastery when she was fleeing Herod, who had ordered the execution of all the children of Bethlehem.^[3]

1956 shooting attack

From the hill east of the monastery, in 1956 one or rather several Jordanian soldiers opened fire on a group of Israeli archaeologists visiting the excavation sites across the valley at Ramat Rachel, killing Jacob Pinkerfield and another three, and injuring 16.^[4]^[5]

After 1967

During the 1967 Six-Day War, the Israel Defense Forces quickly overran Jordanian defences around the monastery on the way to Bethlehem and Hebron.^[6] After 1967 the height, known as Elijah Hill, was renamed in Hebrew as Givat ha'Arba'a, Hill of the Four, in honour of the four victims killed in the 1956 incident.^{[citation needed]}

Description

Church

Hunt's bench; orchards

Facing the monastery is a stone bench erected by the wife of the painter William Holman Hunt (1827–1910), who painted some of his major works at this spot. The bench is inscribed with biblical verses in Hebrew, Greek, Arabic and English.^[7]

Since the 4th century, the monks of Mar Elias have cultivated olives and grapes.^[8]

Gallery

References

^ "Mar Elias Monastery and Church". Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
^ Where to go in the Holy Land^{[permanent dead link]}
^ [https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium.MAGAZINE-jerusalem-s-oldest-guardians-hackberry-trees-on-the-temple-mount-1.10550620 Jerusalem's Oldest Guardians: Hackberry Trees on Temple Mount, Haaretz
^ Israel Rejects Jordan's Claim Madman Killed 3, Meriden Journal, 24 September 1956 [1]
^ Raphael Israeli, Jerusalem Divided: The Armistice Regime, 1947-1967, p. 82. Routledge 2002, Series: Israeli History, Politics and Society (Book 23), ISBN 978-0714652665 [2]
^ Michael B. Oren: Six days of war: June 1967 and the making of the modern Middle East - Page 247 "The first of several heavy battles had broken out west of Nablus while, south of Jerusalem, Israeli infantry overran the defenses around the Mar Elias monastery. Beyond that lay Bethlehem and Hebron. "
^ "Mar Elias Monastery and Church". Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
^ Where to Go: Mar Elias

Bibliography

Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. (pp. 239−241)
Maundrell, H. (1703). A Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem: At Easter, A. D. 1697. Oxford: Printed at the Theatre.
Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. (p. 322)
Phokas, J. (1889). The Pilgrimage of Johannes Phocas in the Holy Land. Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society. (pp. 30-31)
Pococke, R. (1745). A description of the East, and some other countries. Vol. 2. London: Printed for the author, by W. Bowyer. (pp. 38− 39)
Poloner, John (1894). John Poloner's description of the Holy Land (ca. A.D. 1421). Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society. (p. 18)
Pringle, D. (1998). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (excluding Tyre). Vol. II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39037-0. pp. 224−226)
Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster. (2nd appendix, p. 122)
Vogüé, de, M. (1860). Les églises de la Terre Sainte.(p. 340)
Wilson, C.W., ed. (c. 1881). Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. Vol. 1. New York: D. Appleton. (p. 122)

External links

Mar Elias Monastery, Bible walks
Jonathan Lipnick, The First Church Dedicated Entirely To Mary, in Biblical Hebrew & Greek, 20 July 2016; about the Church of the Seat of Mary on the Jerusalem-Bethlehem road
Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons