Kagu-tsuchi

Japanese fire god
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Hi-no-Kagutsuchi-no-Kami
Kami of fire and the hearth
Other namesKagutsuchi-no-Mikoto (軻遇突智命, 加具土命)
Homusubi (火産霊)
Hi-no-Yagihayao-no-Kami (火之夜藝速男神)
Hi-no-Yakihayao-no-Mikoto-no-Kami (火焼速男命神)
Hi-no-Yakihiko-no-Kami (火焼彦神)
Ho-no-Yakezumi-no-Kami (火焼炭神)
Japanese火之迦具土神
Major cult centerHonoo-Honome Shrine, Ubuta Shrine, Hananoiwaya Shrine, Akiha Shrine, and others
GenderMale
ParentsIzanagi (father)
Izanami (mother)
OffspringNesaku, Takemikazuchi, Kuraokami and others

Kagutsuchi (カグツチ; Old Japanese: Kagututi), also known as Hi-no-Kagutsuchi or Homusubi among other names, is the kami of fire in classical Japanese mythology.[1]

Mythology

Kagutsuchi's birth burned his mother Izanami, causing her death. His father Izanagi, in his grief, beheaded Kagutsuchi with his sword, Ame no Ohabari (天之尾羽張), and cut his body into eight pieces, which became eight volcanoes. Kagutsuchi's corpse created numerous deities, which typically includes Watatsumi, Kuraokami, Takemikazuchi, Futsunushi, Amatsumikaboshi, and Ōyamatsumi.[2][3]

Kagutsuchi's birth, in Japanese mythology, comes at the end of the creation of the world and marks the beginning of death.[4] In the Engishiki, a source which contains the myth, Izanami, in her death throes, bears the water god Mizuhanome, instructing her to pacify Kagu-tsuchi if he should become violent. This story also contains references to traditional fire-fighting tools: gourds for carrying water and wet clay and water reeds for smothering fires.[4]

Name

The name Kagutsuchi was originally a compound phrase, consisting of kagu, an Old Japanese root verb meaning "to shine"; tsu, the Old Japanese possessive particle; and chi, an Old Japanese root meaning "force, power".[5]

Worship

Kagutsuchi is the patron deity of blacksmiths and ceramic workers. He is worshipped in several shrines, amongst which are Atago Shrine, near Kyoto, and Atago Jinja in Tokyo.[6]

Popular culture

Family tree

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Ōyamatsumi[7][8][9] Susanoo[10][11][12]: 277 
Kamuo Ichihime[8][9][13][14]
Konohanachiru-hime[15][12]: 277 Ashinazuchi[16][17]Tenazuchi[17]Toshigami[14][13]Ukanomitama[8][9]
(Inari)[18]
Oyamakui[19]
Kushinadahime[17][20][12]: 277 
Yashimajinumi[15][12]: 277 
Kagutsuchi[21]
Kuraokami[22]
Hikawahime [ja][23][12]: 278 Fuha-no-Mojikunusunu [ja][12]: 278 
Fukabuchi-no-Mizuyarehana [ja][12]: 278 Ame-no-Tsudoechine [ja][12]: 278 Funozuno [ja][12]: 278 
Sashikuni Okami [ja][12]: 278 Omizunu[12]: 278 Futemimi [ja][12]: 278 
Sashikuni Wakahime [ja][12]: 278 Ame-no-Fuyukinu[24][25][12]: 278 Takamimusubi[26][27]
Futodama[26][27]
Nunakawahime[28] Ōkuninushi[29][12]: 278 
(Ōnamuchi)[30]		Kamotaketsunumi no Mikoto[31]
Kotoshironushi[32][33] Tamakushi-hime[31] Takeminakata[34][35] Susa Clan[36]

JAPANESE
EMPERORS
711–585 BC

Jimmu[37]
660–585 BC(1) 		Himetataraisuzu-hime[37]Kamo no Okimi[32][38]Mirahime [ja]
632–549 BC

Suizei[39][40][41]
581–549 BC(2)		 Isuzuyori-hime[38][42] Hikoyai[39][40][41] Kamuyaimimi[39][40][41]
d.577 BC		Miwa clan and Kamo clan Nunasokonakatsu-hime[43][32]
Imperial House of JapanŌ clan[44][45] and Aso clan[46]
  • Pink is female.
  • Blue is male.
  • Grey means other or unknown.
  • Clans, families, people groups are in green.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Kagutsuchi". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2020-12-16.
  2. ^ worldhistory.org
  3. ^ "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Ōyamatsumi". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  4. ^ a b Ashkenazy, Michael. Handbook of Japanese Mythology. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 2003. 186
  5. ^ Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition (国語大辞典（新装版）) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1988
  6. ^ "Kagutsuchi, Japanese Fire God, The Fiery God of Purification by Flame". God Checker.com. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  7. ^ Kaoru, Nakayama (7 May 2005). "Ōyamatsumi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  8. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XIX.—The Palace of Suga.
  9. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-of-the-Great-Land.
  10. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (10 May 2005). "Susanoo". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  11. ^ "Susanoo | Description & Mythology". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Herbert, J. (2010). Shinto: At the Fountainhead of Japan. Routledge Library Editions: Japan. Taylor & Francis. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-136-90376-2. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  13. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kotobank. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  14. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kokugakuin University. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  15. ^ a b Mori, Mizue. "Yashimajinumi". Kokugakuin University Encyclopedia of Shinto.
  16. ^ Frédéric, L.; Louis-Frédéric; Roth, K. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press reference library. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  17. ^ a b c "My Shinto: Personal Descriptions of Japanese Religion and Culture". www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2023-10-16.
  18. ^ “‘My Own Inari’: Personalization of the Deity in Inari Worship.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23, no. 1/2 (1996): 87-88
  19. ^ "Ōtoshi | 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム". 2022-08-17. Archived from the original on 2022-08-17. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  20. ^ "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Kushinadahime". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp.
  21. ^ "Kagutsuchi". World History Encyclopedia.
  22. ^ Ashkenazi, M. (2003). Handbook of Japanese Mythology. Handbooks of world mythology. ABC-CLIO. p. 213. ISBN 978-1-57607-467-1. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  23. ^ Chamberlain, B.H. (2012). Kojiki: Records of Ancient Matters. Tuttle Classics. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0511-9. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  24. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. p. 92.
  25. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-Of-The-Great Land.
  26. ^ a b Ponsonby-Fane, R. A. B. (2014-06-03). Studies In Shinto & Shrines. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-89294-3.
  27. ^ a b "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Futodama". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  28. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. pp. 104–112.
  29. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (20 October 2005). "Ōkuninushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  30. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (21 April 2005). "Ōnamuchi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  31. ^ a b The Emperor's Clans: The Way of the Descendants, Aogaki Publishing, 2018.
  32. ^ a b c Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. Columbia University Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780231049405.
  33. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (28 April 2005). "Kotoshironushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  34. ^ Sendai Kuji Hongi, Book 4 (先代舊事本紀 巻第四), in Keizai Zasshisha, ed. (1898). Kokushi-taikei, vol. 7 (国史大系 第7巻). Keizai Zasshisha. pp. 243–244.
  35. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XXIV.—The Wooing of the Deity-of-Eight-Thousand-Spears.
  36. ^ Tanigawa Ken'ichi [de] 『日本の神々 神社と聖地 7 山陰』（新装復刊） 2000年 白水社 ISBN 978-4-560-02507-9
  37. ^ a b Kazuhiko, Nishioka (26 April 2005). "Isukeyorihime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  38. ^ a b 『神話の中のヒメたち　もうひとつの古事記』p94-97「初代皇后は「神の御子」」
  39. ^ a b c 日本人名大辞典+Plus, デジタル版. "日子八井命とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  40. ^ a b c ANDASSOVA, Maral (2019). "Emperor Jinmu in the Kojiki". Japan Review (32): 5–16. ISSN 0915-0986. JSTOR 26652947.
  41. ^ a b c "Visit Kusakabeyoshimi Shrine on your trip to Takamori-machi or Japan". trips.klarna.com. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
  42. ^ 『図説　歴代天皇紀』p42-43「綏靖天皇」
  43. ^ Anston, p. 143 (Vol. 1)
  44. ^ Grapard, Allan G. (2023-04-28). The Protocol of the Gods: A Study of the Kasuga Cult in Japanese History. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91036-2.
  45. ^ Tenri Journal of Religion. Tenri University Press. 1968.
  46. ^ Takano, Tomoaki; Uchimura, Hiroaki (2006). History and Festivals of the Aso Shrine. Aso Shrine, Ichinomiya, Aso City.: Aso Shrine.

References

External links

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