Ivan Shishkin

Russian landscape painter

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Иван Шишкин

Born(1832-01-25)25 January 1832

Yelabuga, Vyatka Governorate, Russian Empire

Died20 March 1898(1898-03-20) (aged 66)

St. Petersburg, Russian Empire

NationalityRussianEducationMember Academy of Arts (1865)
Professor by rank (1873)^[1]Alma materMoscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture;
Imperial Academy of Arts (1860)^[1]Known forPaintingNotable workMorning in a Pine Forest (with Konstantin Savitsky, 1878)
A Rye Field (1878)MovementRealism, PeredvizhnikiAwardsSilver Medal (1858)
Minor Golden Medal (1859)

Grand Golden Medal (1860)^[1]Patron(s)Pavel Tretyakov

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (Russian: Иван Иванович Шишкин; 25 January [O.S. 13 January] 1832 – 20 March [O.S. 8 March] 1898) was a Russian landscape painter closely associated with the Peredvizhniki movement.

Biography

Russian stamps with the portrait of Shishkin

Shishkin was born to a Russian merchant family in Yelabuga of Vyatka Governorate (today Republic of Tatarstan) and graduated from the Kazan gymnasium. Then he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture for four years. After that, he attended the Saint Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts from 1856 to 1860 and graduated with the highest honours and a gold medal. He received the imperial scholarship for his further studies in Europe.

Five years later Shishkin became a member of the Imperial Academy in St Petersburg and was professor of painting from 1873 to 1898. At the same time, Shishkin headed the landscape painting class at the Highest Art School in St Petersburg.

For some time Shishkin lived and worked in Switzerland and Germany on scholarship from the St Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts. On his return to Saint Petersburg he became a member of the Circle of the Itinerants and of the Society of Russian Etchers. He also took part in exhibitions at the Academy of Arts, the All-Russian Exhibition in Moscow (1882), the Nizhniy Novgorod (1896) and the World Fairs (Paris, 1867 and 1878, and Vienna, 1873). Shishkin's painting method was based on analytical studies of nature. He became famous for his forest landscapes and was also an outstanding draftsman and a printmaker.

Ivan Shishkin owned a dacha in Vyra^[ru], south of St Petersburg. There he painted some of his finest landscapes. His works are notable for poetic depiction of seasons in the woods, wild nature, animals and birds. In 1891 he was appointed professor-director of the landscape class in the Academy's Advanced Art School. In 1898 he completed his painting The Pine Grove and died on 20 March in St Petersburg while working on his new painting.^[2]

A minor planet 3558 Shishkin, discovered by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova in 1978, is named after him.^[3]

Gallery

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Shishkin.

View on the Outskirts of St. Petersburg, 1856
View of Valaam Island. Kukko, 1860
In the Rye, 1866
Swiss Landscape, 1866
Lumbering, 1867
Walk in the Forest, 1869
Noon. Neighborhoods of Moscow, 1869
Birch Forest, 1871
A Pine Forest. Mast-Timber forest in Viatka Province, 1872
Backwoods, 1872
Coniferous forest, 1873
First snow, 1875
The Dark Wood, 1876
Rye, 1878
Forest Edge, 1878
Wilds, 1881
Brook in a Birch Forest, 1883
Pine on Sand, 1884
Forest Distance, 1884
Polesie Landscape, 1884
The Edge of the Forest, 1884
Oak Grove, 1887
Morning in a Pine Forest, 1889
The Rocky Landscape, 1889
Haystacks, Preobrazhenskoe, 1890
Winter, 1890
In the Wild North, 1891
Rain in an Oak Forest, 1891
After the Storm in Meri Hovi, 1891
Forest, 1895
Twilight, 1896
At the Edge of the Pine Forest, 1897

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Directory of the Imperial Academy of Arts 1915, p. 224.
^ Charles, Victoria, Ivan Shishkin, Parkstone Press International, 2014.
^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 299. ISBN 3-540-00238-3.